So, 60′ (60 minutes) make up a degree and 60″ (60 seconds) make up a minute. Please note: For a minute, the symbol is an apostrophe (‘) and for a second, the symbol is a double apostrophe (“). Further, the degrees are divided into minutes and minutes into seconds. Same is the case with the Western Hemisphere. In the Eastern Hemisphere, the longitudes are designated as degrees east (☎), e.g. Prime meridian represents the zero degrees longitude. The longitudes are identified with the help of degrees. These are designated as degrees south (°S), and 90°S is the South Pole. Similarly, there are latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere. For instance, 10°N, 20°N, and so on till 90°N (which is the North Pole).
In the Northern Hemisphere, the latitudes are designated as degrees north (°N). Such circles are known as the Degrees of Longitudes. These have their center at the center of the earth and have equal radii. There are a number of more circles parallel to the Prime Meridian. Together, the Equator and the Prime Meridian divide the earth into four equal parts. Prime Meridian divides the earth into two Hemispheres, the Eastern and the Western.
It is perpendicular to the equator, and parallel to the axis. There is a circle which passes through the Greenwich in Britain. On the equator, the latitude is zero degrees. You can identify these parallels using the degrees. Such circles are known as the Parallels of Latitudes.
These circles have their centers on the axis and have different radii. There are a number of more circles parallel to the equator. It is perpendicular to the axis and goes on to divide the earth into two Hemispheres, the Northern and the Southern. The Equator is the circle passing through the center of the earth. The axis is shown in the form of a needle on the globe. This axis of the globe passes through two extreme points: known as the Poles (the North Pole and the South Pole). In a globe, there is a needle called the axis that is fixed through the globe in a tilted manner. A globe is a true model of the earth, in a very compact form.